Early Developments
– Electricity
–> Discovery of Electricity
–> The electric charge
–> Luigi Galvani and Alessandro Volta
–> Magnetism
–> Hans Christian Oerstedt
–> Andre Marie Ampere
–> Michael Faraday und die Elektrodynamik
– Telegraphy
–> The first electrical transmission of a message
–> Telegraphy and the Railroad
–> First Telegraph Lines
–> Werner Siemens
–> Samual Morse
–> ITU: The first global organisation
–> Telegraphy and Time
– Telephony
–> Philipp Reis
–> Antonio Meucci
–> Elisha Gray
–> Alexander Graham Bell
–> Bell Telephone Company
–> The Telephone Network
–> Hello
–> Almond Strowger
– Electromagnetic Radiation
–> James Clark Maxwell
–> Heinrich Hertz
–> Pioneers of radio transmission
–> Down of wireless Communication
–> Ferdinand Braun
–> Telefunken
–> World Radiocommunication Conference
–> Spark or Radio
– Modulated Electromagnetic Waves
–> Damped Oscillation
–> The Vacuum Tube and the Dawn of Electronics
–> Continuous Oscillation with Triode Tubes
–> Amplitude Modulation
–> Superheterodyne Receiver
– Triumph of Radio
–> Crystal Oscillator
–> Radio gets Mobile
–> Radio and Propaganda
–> Frequency Modulation
–> Radiotelephony
–> The first Handheld
– Early Telecommunication Industry
–> Origin of the PTTs
–> European Supplier
––> Felten & Guillaume, Haller and TeKaDe
––> Siemens & Halske
––> LM Ericsson
––> International Telephone and Telegraph
–> Development in the USA
––> Western Union
––> AT&T and Western Electric
– Early Technology for Communication
–> Meissner-Circuit
–> Amplitude Modulation
–> Superheterodyne Receiver
–> Crystal Oscillator
–> Frequency Modulation
The Car Phone
– First Wave Car Telephones
–> Duplex Operation
–> First Receive and Transmit Channels
–> How to share a radio channel
–> Signaling
–> Manual Call Setup
–> Automatic Call Reception
–> Mobile Telephone Service
– Second Wave Car Telephones
–> The Protocol
–> Required Components
––> Keypad
––> Display
––> Memory
––> Logic
––> Phase Locked Loop and Frequency Synthesis
–> Signalisation via the radio channel
–> The B-Network
–> IMTS
– Early Semiconductors Industry
–> The first Transistor
–> The MOSFET
—>Photolithography
–> The dawn of Silicon Valley
–> The integrated circuit and the dawn of the Information Age
–> To the Moon and back
–> The first electronic Gadget
– Technology 1946 – 1980
–> DTMF
–> LED
–> Memory
–> Logic
–> PLL
– Telecommunication Industry after WWII
–> Network Operators
––> AT&T and the Baby Bells
–> Infrastructure- and Device Manufacturers
––> Ericsson and SRA
––> Siemens
––> TeKaDe Philips
––> Motorola
–> Semiconductor Industry
––> Texas Instruments
––> Philips Semiconductors
––> Motorola Semiconductors
––> Intel
1G First Generation Mobile Communications
– Cellular Network
–> The Invention of the Cellular Network
–> Signing in, signing out, handover
–> Handover during a call
–> Signaling and Error Correction
–> First Cellular Standards
–> Coopers „Cellular Call“
– C-Netz
–> New Frequency Bands for the C-Netz
–> Organisation Channel
––> Frequency Shift Keying
––> Frame Structure
––> Synchronization
––> Error Correction
–> Selection of the Base Station
–> Sign In
–> Inband Coding
–> Digital Signal Processing
–> Subscriber Identification
–> Deployment and Devices
– AMPS, TACS and NMT
–> Advanced Mobile Phone Service
––> AMPS Frequency Bands
––> AMPS Control Channel
––> Handover with AMPS
––> Roll Out of AMPS
–> Total Access Communication System
–> Nordic Mobile Telephone
– Technology 1980 – 1990
–> Microcontroller
––> Arithmetic and Logic Unit
––> Control Unit
––> Memory Input/Output
––> First Microcontroller IC
–> Programming
–> Pulse Code Modulation
– 1G Telecommunication Industry
–> Network Operators
––> Network Operators in the US
––> Network Operators in Great Britain
–> Infrastructure Provider
––> AT&T
––> Ericsson
––> Motorola
––> Nokia
––> Alcatel
––> Siemens
–> Terminal Device Manufacturer
2G Second Generation Mobile Communication
– GSM
–> GSM Air Interface
—> TDMA
–—> Bitrate and Bandwidth
–—> Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying
—> GSM Bands for Europe
—> Time Slots
—> Intersymbol Interference and Channel Equalization
—> Special Time Slots
—> Access Call
—> Control Channels
—> Frequency Hopping
–> GSM Signal Processing
—> Encryption
—> Source and Channel Coding
—> Interleaving
—> Voice Activity Detection
—> Convolutional Coder
—> Viterbi
–> Setup of a GSM Phone
—> Reference Oscillator
—> Timer
—> Card Reader
—> Power Management
—> Converter
—> Digital Signal Processor
—> Microprocessor
—> ASICs
–> First GSM Devices
—> Motorola International 3200
—> Ericsson GH172
—> Nokia 1011
—> Decline of the Car Phones
– IS-54 Digital AMPS
–> Dual Mode
–> Bitrate and Modulation
–> IS-54 Time Slot
–> Synchronisation
–> Control Channel
– IS-95 CDMA
–> CDMA Basics
—> Mariner 9 and Walsh Code
—> Channel Selection using Walsh Codes
—> Party Effekt to explain CDMA
–> Qualcomm
–> IS-95 Air Interface
—> CDMA channels
—> Logical Channels
—> CDMA Traffic Channel
–—> Forward Traffic Channel
–—> Backward Traffic Channel
—> CDMA Receiver
—> CDMA Handover
—> Near Far Problem
—> Synchronization of the Base Stations
– Smaller, lighter, cheaper
–> Size
–> Weight
–> Battery Life
–> Price
–> Cost reduction through integrated circuits
–> Baseband Processor
–> Advanced RISC Machine (ARM)
–> Mixed Signal Design
–> Technology Nodes
–> Battery Technology
– Mobile Phone Boom of the 1990s
–> Digital Communication System (DCS)
–> Mobile Device Trends
–> Short Message System (SMS)
– Technology 1990 – 2000
–> Digital Signal Processing
—> Digitalization of mobile communication
—> Digital Signals
—> TDMA Systems
—> Noise Free Transmission
—> Signal analysis
—> Digital Filter
—> Digital Signal Processor
—> Speech Coding
—> Protection agains Interception
–> Digital Modulation
–> Computer Aided Design
– 2G Telecommunication Industry
–> Network Operator
––> US Network Operator
—–> Consolidation of the US Market
—–> McCaw Cellular and AT&T Wireless
—–> Airtouch and Vodafone
—–> Verizon Wireless
—–> Cingular Wireless
—–> Sprint
––> Network operator in Europe
—–> Great Britain
—–> Germany
—–> France
—–> Spain
–> Infrastructure Provider
––> Lucent Technologies
––> Philips Kommunikations Industrie
––> Ericsson
––> Motorola
––> Nokia
––> Nortel
––> Alcatel
––> Siemens
–> Terminal Provider
––> USA
––> Europe
—–> Siemens
—–> Philips
–> Semiconductor Industry
Satellite Phone
– Iridium
–> Iridium Air Interface
–> Start of Iridium and Bankruptcy
– Globalstar
–> Globalstar Air Interface
–> Start of Globalstar and Bankruptcy
– Inmarsat und Thuraya
2.5 G and the Internet
– The Internet
–> The Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)
–> The Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA)
–> Data Packets and Computer Networks
–> Intergalactic Computer Network
–> Interface Message Processor
–> E-Mail
–> Unified Protocol TCP/IP
–> Domain Names
–> ARPANET becomes Internet
–> The World Wide Web
– GPRS and EDGE
–> General Packed Radio Service (GPRS)
–> GPRS Air Interface
–> GPRS Coding Scheme
–> GPRS States
–> GPRS Network
–> Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE)
–> Usage of GPRS
– Beginning of the mobile internet
The Feature Phone
– Display
– Storage
– Computer Connectivity (USB)
– Camera Technology
– Audio (storage and playing of music)
– FM Receiver
– Games
Bluetooth
– Industrial, Scientific and Medical Band (ISM)
– Bluetooth
– Bluetooth Air Interface
– Bluetooth Application
3G Third Generation Mobile Communication
– IMT 2000
–> IMT frequency bands
–> IMT Studies in Europe
–> IMT Studies in Japan
–> 3G Partnership Project (3GPP)
–> UMTS Release 99
–> CDMA2000
–> 3G Partnership Project 2 (3GPP2)
–> 1x Radio Transmission Technology (1x RTT)
–> CDMA2000 Evolution 1XRTT EV DO
–> The holy war of wireless
–> Final IMT-2000 Standards
– UMTS
–> Wideband CDMA Air Interface
–> Orthogonal Variable Spreading Factors (OVSF)
–> Channel-Structure and Synchronization with UMTS
–> Synchronization
–> Advantages of W-CDMA over GPRS/EDGE
–> Roll Out of UMTS
–> UMTS Licensing
–> Development of first UMTS Devices
– Technology 2000 – 2010
–> OFDM
––> Multi Carrier Modulation
––> Fourier Transformation
––> Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT)
–> Direct Conversion Receiver
–> Smartphone Technologies
––> Multi Touch Display
––> Gesture Control
––> Distance Sensors
– 3G Telecommunication Industry
–> Network Operator
––> China
––> India
––> USA
––> Afrika, Asia and Latin America
––> Germany
–> Infrastructure Manufacturer
––> Motorola
––> Alcatel Lucent
––> Nokia Siemens Networks
––> Nortel
––> Ericsson
––> Huawei
–> Device Manufacturer
––> Nokia
––> Ericsson
––> Siemens Mobile
––> Motorola
––> Samsung
––> Shanzhai
–> Semiconductors
––> Mobile Industry Processor Interface Alliance
––> Texas Instruments
––> Qualcomm
––> Siemens Halbleiter/Infineon
––> Intel
––> Philips Semiconductors/NXP
––> Samsung
––> Mediatek
––> Marketshare
Wireless LAN
– Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection (CSMA/CD)
– IEEE 802
–-> WaveLAN
–-> 802.11 b
–-> 802.11 b Frame Struktur
–-> WLAN Netzwerk
–-> WiFi
– HIPERLAN und 802.11 a
–-> 802.11 a Physical Layer und Frame Struktur
– 802.11 g
The Smartphone
– PDA
–-> Resistive Touchscreen
–-> Apple Newton
–-> Palm Pilot
–-> Windows Mobile
– The Smartphone
–-> IBM Simon
–-> Geos
–-> Nokia Communicator
–-> Symbian OS
–-> Blackberry
– The iPhone
–-> Apple iPod
–-> Three Products in One
–-> Cooperation mit Cingular
– Android
–-> Unix
–-> Linux
–-> Open Handset Alliance
3.5 G HSDPA
– High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel
– Modulation and Data Rate
– Reduction of Response Time
– Improvement of Channel Coding (Turbo Codes)
4G Fourth Generation Mobile Communication
– Long Term Evolution LTE
–> LTE Physical Layer
––> Channel Structure
––> Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA)
––> LTE Data Rates
––> LTE TDD
–> New Bands for LTE
–> LTE Network Architecture
– The Triumph of the Smartphones
–> APPS
–> Push
–> Instant Messaging
–> Twitter
–> GPS
–> WLAN based Location
–> First GPS Devices
–> Speech Recognition and Speech Synthesis
–> Decline of the Feature Phone
– Evolution of the Smartphone
–> 2008 iPhone 3G und Galaxy
–> 2010 iPhone 4 und Galaxy S1
–> 2011 iPhone 4S und Galaxy S2
–> 2012 iPhone 5 und Galaxy S3/S4
–> 2014 iPhone 6 und Galaxy S5/S6
–> 2016 iPhone 7 und Galaxy S7
–> 2017 iPhone X und Galaxy S8
– Patent Wars
–> Nokia against Apple
–> Apple against Android
–> Apple against HTC
–> Apple against Samsung
– Technologie 2010 – 2020
–> Multi Antenna System
––> Antenna Diversity
––> Space Division Multiple Access
––> First MIMO-Developments and Systems
–> Power amplifier in basis stations
––> Intermodulation
––> Digital Predistortion (DPD)
––> Crest Factor Reduction (CFR)
–> Remote Radio Head
–> Near Field Communication
– 4G Telecommunication Industry
–> Mobile Operator
––> Development in the US
—–> Sprint and WiMAX
—–> LTE Introduction
—–> Sprint/T-Mobile Merger
––> China
––> India
—–> Reliance Communication and JIO
––> Germany
–> Infrastructure Provider
––> Alcatel Lucent and Nokia
––> Ericsson
––> Starent and Cisco
–> Device Manufacturer
––> Nokia
––> The Smartphone Market
––> Huawei
–> Semiconductors
––> ST-Ericsson
––> Intel
––> Qualcomm
––> Mediatek
––> Hisilicon
––> Spreadtrum/UniSoc
WiMAX
– Fixed WiMAX Physical Layer
––> Guard Time
––> Subcarrier
––> Bandwidth
––> Channel Coding, Modulation and Bit Rates
––> OFDMA
– Wireless Broadband (WiBro)
– Introduction of WiMAX
LTE Advanced
– Carrier Aggregation
– LTE Categories
– Voice over LTE
– Session Initiation Protocol (SIP)
– IP Multimedia Subsystem
Internet of Things
– Low Power Wide Area Networks
––> Sigfox
– Machine Type Communication
––> Narrow Band IoT